LC-MS Analysis of Phytocomponents in the Methanol Extract of Piper Sarmentosum Leaves

Background: Piper sarmentosum is a cultivated plant that grows wildly in the tropical and subtropical region including in Malaysia. It has a wide usage in traditional medicine and have a variety of active chemical constituents. Aim: The aim of this study is to isolate and identify the active compounds from the methanol extracts of leaves of P. sarmentosum. Methods and Materials: The fresh leaves of Piper sarmentosum were collected from the Ethnobotanic garden of Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM) after being identified and confirmed by a plant taxonomist from Medicinal Plant Divison (Voucher specimen code no: FRI 45870). The methanolic extraction procedure were performed at FRIM labrotory. The extract was then sent to Research and Instrumentation Management Centre (CRIM) UKM for Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) analysis. Results: Fifteen compounds were isolated from the fresh leaves of Piper sarmentosum. Six of these have been previously isolated from the roots and essential oil of this plant: (2) Naringenin, (3) Methyl piperate, (5) Beta-Asarone, (6) Brachyamide B, (8) Piperitol and (9)(10) Guineensine. (1)(12) Didymin, (4) Quercetin, (7) Amurensin (11) Hesperidin, and (15) Difucol are new for P. sarmentosum (Piperaceae). Conclusion: From the result, it is evident that Piper sarmentosum contains various bioactive compounds. (1)(12) Didymin, (4) Quercetin, (7) Amurensin, (11) Hesperidin, and (15) Difucol are new natural compounds that have not been reported before.