Lithium Nitrate Induced Biochemical Modifications in catla catla upon Short Term Exposure

Background: Alkali metals such as lithium nitrate due to its properties have found their application in industries. However, reports of acute toxicological impact of lithium nitrate on aquatic animals are largely not available in the literature. Objective: With this interest, we have assessed the impact of LiNO₃ on Catla catla, a freshwater fish widely consumed. Materials and Methods: In this study, LC₅₀ of LiNO₃ was determined to be 5ppm, for 24 h. Following this, 1/10th of the LC50 levels of LiNO₃ (0.5ppm) was chosen for acute investigation of 96 h. Results: The results demonstrated increase in serum aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in treated fish. Further examinations disclosed changes in antioxidant enzyme systems with remarkable changes in the serum catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) contents, with elevation in malondialdehyde (MDA). The investigation found increased glutamate levels in the brain tissue of treated groups, demonstrating tissue damage. Conclusion: The study underlines the toxicological impact of LiNO₃ and role of certain potential biomarkers which determine the impact of these toxicants in aquatic environment.