Pharmacognostical Standardization & Phytochemical Evaluation of Alphonsea sclerocarpa Thwaites Bark & Leaves

Introduction: The genus Alphonsea sclerocarpa Thwaites (Annonaceae) includes species distributed widely in the tropical areas. Whole plant of Alphonsea sclerocarpa is traditionally believed for its eminent therapeutic benefits. Despite its medicinal properties the plant seems to be less explored and hence this research aims at exploring the Pharmacognostical parameters for standardization. Physicochemical and Phytochemical analysis was also carried out to establish quality control parameters for the drug. Methods: Morphoanatomical (Transverse Section of Leaf Lamina & Margin, Radial Longitudinal Section & Tangential Longitudinal Section of phloem in bark) and Powder microscopic analysis were carried out by employing Formalin fixed as well Macerated specimens. Physicochemical Parameters like Loss on drying, Ash Value, Extractive values etc were carried out as per WHO guidelines. Phytochemical Analysis was also carried out and the phytochemical profile was established. Results: Transverse section of Leaf revealed the presence of Plano convex vascular bundles. Ensheathed by a bundle of sclerenchyma. Transverse section of bark has shown the presence of highly compressed, heavily suberised phellem cells. Tangential longitudinal section (TLS) revealed the presence of Spindle shaped bi or Multi seriate medullary rays. In Radial longitudinal section (RLS) the phloem cells appear rectangular and thin walled. Powder microscopy revealed the presence of Fibres, fibre-tracheids and Calcium oxalate crystals. Total ash value of Bark & Leaf was found to be 8.75 & 7 % respectively. Conclusion: The established Pharmacognostical, Physico-chemical & Phytochemical parameters will suffice for establishing Monographs for the plant drug.