Ethnobotanical Study of Qur`an Plants

Introduction: In Islam, ethical teachings of biomedical ethics are linked with a Holy Qur`an and Prophet Muhammad (PBUH). Al-Quran is one of the best reference books describing the importance of plants for medical benefits. There are 28 chapters (Surah) which mention specific name of plants in Al-Qur`an. This paper aims to compile the up-to-date information about some medicinal plants that mentioned in Al-Qur`an. Methods: Comprehensive and detailed information about plants has been collected from Ayat and Surah in the Qur'an which states the specific name of the plant. Plant identities are arranged in a systematic sequence of confirmed botanical names from literature such as books, journal articles, and online databases, followed by Indonesian names, English names, families, references from the Qur'an, parts used, chemical content, And medicinal properties. The pharmacological claims of plants mentioned in the Qur'an, enriched by the search for scientific evidence available in journals and books. Results: Based on the collected data, there are 27 plant species mentioned in Al-Qur`an. In this paper, plants species were arranged in a systematic order of identity of the plant, followed by Indonesian name, English name, Family, references cited from Holy Quran, Part used, Chemical constituents, and efficacy of herbal medicine that has been used both empirically and scientifically. Conclusion: In this paper, attempts have been made to compile up-to-date knowledge of 27 species medicinal plants mentioned in the Qur'an, which can be used as a quick reference guide for further studies in ethnobotany.