Betel Leaf Extract Amends Dehydroepiandrosterone Induced PCOS Related Hormonal Abnormality and Histopathological Alterations in Rat Model

Introduction: PCOS is a hormonal disorder with missed or irregular periods at the reproductive ages of women, which was mainly due to increased androgen levels. Objective: To evaluate the antiandrogen activity of EEBL (ethanolic extract of betel leaf) in DHEA induced PCOS (polycystic ovary syndrome) and improving ovulation rate, consequently its effects on hormonal and biochemical profile of the blood serum and Histopathology of the ovary. Methods: Divide the 30 immature (4-week-old) female Sprague Dawley rats into 5 groups. Four groups except the control group were injected each morning with dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) (6 mg/100 g body weight/0.2 ml sesame oil) for 20days. The control group was injected with 0.2ml sesame oil for 20days. Pretreatment completed after 21^st day then animals are subjected to posttreatment with EEBL (LD-100, HD-200mg/kg, p.o) and CC (100 μg/kg, p.o) from 21 to 41 days. After the treatment animals are subjected to biochemical, hormonal and histopathological examinations. Results: In negative control group SOD, Catalase were decreased. Total protein, SGOT, SGPT, TG, LDL and cholesterol levels were increased than the control group. Hormones LH and Testosterone levels increased. FSH, estradiol, and progesterone levels were decreased when compared with the control group. Histopathology has revealed that the presence of cysts in the negative control group and recovery of cysts seen in treatment groups. Conclusion: Treatment with EEBL is effectively attenuated to the DHEA induced PCOS and it is significant in comparison results with clomiphene citrate attributing its therapeutic potential towards the treatment of PCOS.