The Effects of Leaves Extract of Toddalia aculeata on Body Weight, Body Mass Index, Body Fat Content and Resistive Index in Male Rats with High-Fat Diet

Introduction: Dictamine is found in the Toddalia aculeata plant and is able to interact with Flavin- Containing Monooxygenase-3 (FMO3) in silico, which mediates endogenous atherosclerosis formation. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effects of T. aculeata extract (TAE) administration on Body Weight (BW), Body Mass Index (BMI), Body Fat Content (BFC), and Resistive Index (RI) in rats with a high-fat diet. Methods: Forty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into the negative control (NC), positive control (PC) + 2.98 μg/kg BW dictamine and treatment (TAE1-3) + 200, 400, and 800 mg/ kg BW TAE respectively. All rats were given a high-fat diet (HFD) for 28 days. The data were analyzed statistically using one-way ANOVA, repeated-measured ANOVA, and Friedman’s tests with p<0.05. Results: The average of rats’ BW in TAE2 (270±13.78 g) and TAE3 (276.62±40.31 g) was lower than that of the NC (304.12± 4.16 g) but only the TAE2 group was significantly different (p=0.032). Rats in the TAE 1-3 groups had the average BMI (26.03±5.61; 21.84±0.81; 20.78±2.17 g/cm³) significantly lower than the NC (29.61±2.28 g/cm³) and the PC (28.67±1.68 g/cm³) for TAE2 and 3. The same pattern was also observed in BFC. All treatment groups had significantly lower RI compared to the NC group (0.62±0.07 cm). Conclusion: Administration of 400 and 800 mg/kg BW TAE for 28 days decreases BW, BMI, BFC, and RI in rats with a high-fat diet. Dictamine in the ethanol extract of T. aculeata leaves might contribute to the reduction of RI in rats with a high-fat diet.