The Effect of Syzygium Polyanthum (Wight) Walp. Extract on Glutathione, Tumour Necrosis Factor-Alpha, Spdl1, And Degraff Follicles Expression in PCOS Rat Models

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrine and reproductive disorder affecting 5% to 13% of women of reproductive age. Approximately 80% of women with PCOS underwent infertility cases. Many studies have shown an association between PCOS and low-grade inflammation. Syzygium polyanthum (S. polyanthum) contains antioxidants and has antiinflammation activity. Objectives: This study aims to investigate the effectiveness of S. polyanthum leaf on glutathione, tumour necrosis factoralpha (TNF-α), sPDL1, and DeGraff follicle expression in PCOS rat models. Materials and Methods: The female Wistar rats were divided into five groups (n = 5), K0 (normal control), K1 (PCOS group), and three treatment groups which received three different doses of S. polyanthum extract. The treatment group consisted of PCOS rat models with S. polyanthum extract supplementation of 150 mg/KgBW (P1), 300 mg/KgBW (P2), and 450 mg/KgBW (P3). Results: S. polyanthum leaf extract significantly decreased TNF-α expression in the treatment group. The highest TNF-α, GSH, and sPDL1 concentration was found in the P3 group (3.83±0.123, 273.12±12.4 ng/ml, and 3.25 ng/ml, respectively). Moreover, the number of follicles was statistically significant in the P1, P2, and P3 groups (2.0, 3.0, and 3.50, respectively). The number of follicles in the P1, P2, and P3 groups was higher than in the positive control; however, it was lower in the negative control (K0) (p<0.05). Conclusion: S. polyanthum extract was significantly effective in decreasing TNF-α expression, as well as a significant increase GSH, sPDL1 and DeGraff foliclle count in PCOS rat model.