Antibacterial and Antioxidant Activity of Black Mulberry (Morus nigra L.) Extract for Acne Treatment

Introduction: Black mulberry is rich in phenols and is hence usable in the treatment of acne. It also contains anthocyanin, a well-known antioxidant. This study aimed to examine the antibacterial and antioxidant properties of black mulberry (Morus nigra L.) extract as a potential raw material for use in beauty care products. Method: Fruit extract was obtained using maceration method with 96% ethanol. The antibacterial activity of the extract was determined by disc diffusion method, while the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) were determined by microdilution method. Furthermore, the antioxidant activity of the extract was tested by DPPH method. Result: The results showed a 2.5% MIC against S. epidermidis and P. acnes, confirming the antibacterial activity of black mulberry extract. The MBC values for the respective bacterium were 2.5% and 5%. Regarding antioxidant activity, the IC₅₀ value of black mulberry extract was 146.731 mg/mL, suggesting its medium potential. Conclusion: Morus nigra extract has antibacterial activity against S. epidermidis and P. acnes, and has medium potential as antioxidant.