Chemical Composition and Biological Activity of the Essential Oil Isolated from the Leaves of Achillea fragrantissima Growing Wild in Yemen

Iman Mansi; Nasser A. Awadh Ali; Nizar M. Mhaidat; Khaled Hussain; Ali G. Al-kaf; Sirajudheen Anwar; William N. Setzer

Chemical Composition and Biological Activity of the Essential Oil Isolated from the Leaves of Achillea fragrantissima Growing Wild in Yemen

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Pharmacognosy Journal,2019,11,5,1077-1081.

DOI:10.5530/pj.2019.11.168

Published:September 2019

Type:Original Article

Chemical Composition and Biological Activity of the Essential Oil Isolated from the Leaves of Achillea fragrantissima Growing Wild in Yemen

Iman Mansi^1,*, Nasser A. Awadh Ali^2,3, Nizar M. Mhaidat⁴, Khaled Hussain⁵, Ali G. Al-kaf³, Sirajudheen Anwar⁶, William N. Setzer^7,8

¹Department of Clinical pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmaceutical sciences, The Hashemite University, P.O. Box 330127, Zarqa 13133, JORDAN.

²Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Clinical Pharmacy, Albaha University, Al Baha, SAUDI ARABIA.

³Pharmacognosy & Medicinal Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sana’a University, Sana’a, YEMEN.

⁴Department of clinical pharmacy and Pharmacy practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid-JORDAN.

⁵Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences, Sana’a University, YEMEN.

⁶Pharmacology & Toxicology Department, Faculty of Clinical Pharmacy,Hail University, Hail, KSA.

⁷Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, AL 35899, USA.

⁸Aromatic Plant Research Center, 230 N 1200 E, Suite 100, Lehi, UT 84043, USA.

Abstract:

Background: Yemen is diverse in its geography and rich in its natural flora. Achillea fragrantissima grown wild in Yemen is widely used in folkloric medicine. Objectives: To investigate the chemical composition, cytotoxicity, xanthine oxidase inhibitory and tyrosinase inhibitory activities of the essential oil isolated form the leaves of Achillea fragrantissima (Forssk.) Sch. Bip. growing wild in Yemen. Materials and Methods: The oil was collected after hydrodistillation for 3 h, the oil composition was analyzed by GC-MS and assayed for biological activities. Results: Artemisia ketone (49.53%), camphor (14.73%), α-bisabolol (11.20%), α-bisabolol oxide B (2.62%) were the main components of the oil. The MTT assay of the oil on two human colorectal cancer cell lines (SW480 and HCT-116) showed IC₅₀ values of 110.1 and 134.6 μg ml⁻¹, respectively. Xanthine oxidase inhibitory and tyrosinase inhibitory activity assays were performed but exhibited only marginal activities. Conclusion: the components of the essential oil could be excellent anticancer drugs for treatment of colon cancer.

Keywords:Achillea fragrantissima, Artemisia ketone, Cytotoxicity, Essential oil, GC-MS

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Chemical Composition and Biological Activity of the Essential Oil Isolated from the Leaves of Achillea fragrantissima Growing Wild in Yemen

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Mansi I, Ali NA, Mhaidat NM, Hussain K, Al-kaf AG, Anwar S, et al. Chemical Composition and Biological Activity of the Essential Oil Isolated from the Leaves of Achillea fragrantissima Growing Wild in Yemen. Pharmacognosy Journal. 2019;11(5):1077-1081.

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Chemical Composition and Biological Activity of the Essential Oil Isolated from the Leaves of Achillea fragrantissima Growing Wild in Yemen

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Chemical Composition and Biological Activity of the Essential Oil Isolated from the Leaves of Achillea fragrantissima Growing Wild in Yemen

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